环境：RHEL 4 U5+Oracle 11.1.0.6
主库SID：ora11g 备用库SID:standby
主库数据文件存放目录：/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/
备用库数据文件存放目录：/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/
1、 验证主库是否归档，如果是未归档模式的话必须更改为归档模式：
Sys@ORA11G> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/archive
Oldest online log sequence 61
Next log sequence to archive 63
Current log sequence 63
2、 将主库置于FORCE LOGGING模式：
Sys@ORA11G> alter database force logging;
3、 对主库做一个全库的RMAN备份，用于STANDBY配置：
[oracle@test51 bin]$ ./rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Aug 16 15:51:22 2007
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026454982)
RMAN> backup database format \'/home/oracle/liuyun/%U.bak\';
Starting backup at 16-AUG-07
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=121 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-AUG-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-AUG-07
piece handle=/home/oracle/liuyun/03iphp8l_1_1.bak tag=TAG20070816T155148 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-AUG-07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-AUG-07
piece handle=/home/oracle/liuyun/04iphpc9_1_1.bak tag=TAG20070816T155148 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 16-AUG-07
4、 准备STANDBY数据文件路径和其他路径：
[oracle@test51 oradata]$ pwd
/home/oracle/opt/oradata
[oracle@test51 oradata]$ mkdir standby
[oracle@test51 oradata]$ ls
ora11g orcl standby
[oracle@test51 oradata]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin
[oracle@test51 admin]$ mkdir standby
[oracle@test51 admin]$ ls
ora11g orcl standby
[oracle@test51 standby]$mkdir adump
[oracle@test51 standby]$mkdir dpdump
[oracle@test51 standby]$mkdir pfile
[oracle@test51 standby]$ ls
adump dpdump pfile
5、更改tnsnames配置，添加主库和备用库的连接字：
primary =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = test51)(PORT = 1522))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)
)
)
standby =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = test51)(PORT = 1522))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = standby)
)
)
6、生成STANDBY控制文件：
Sys@ORA11G> alter database create standby controlfile as \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control01.ctl\';
Database altered.
[oracle@test51 standby]$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl
[oracle@test51 standby]$ cp control01.ctl control03.ctl
[oracle@test51 standby]$ ls
archive control01.ctl control02.ctl control03.ctl
6、生成standby 初始化参数文件：
Sys@ORA11G> create pfile=\'$ORACLE_BASE/admin/standby/pfile/init.ora\' from spfile;
File created.
添加以下几个参数，需要注意的是从11G开始原来备用库归档参数standby_archive_dest这个参数已经废除了，STANDBY的归档路径改为常规的归档路径log_archive_dest_n。还有原来单机配置STANDBY需要的参数lock_name_space也废除了：
*.log_archive_config=\'DG_CONFIG=(ora11g,standby)\'
*.fal_client=\'standby\'
*.fal_server=\'primary\'
*.db_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'
*.log_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'
*.standby_file_management=\'auto\'
*.log_archive_dest_1=\'location=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/archive VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILE,STANDBY_ROLE)\'
更改后的参数文件如下，注意db_unique_name要和主库区分，否则无法MOUNT STANDBY：
standby.__db_cache_size=234881024
standby.__java_pool_size=12582912
standby.__large_pool_size=4194304
standby.__oracle_base=\'/home/oracle/opt\'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
standby.__pga_aggregate_target=209715200
standby.__sga_target=629145600
standby.__shared_io_pool_size=0
standby.__shared_pool_size=369098752
standby.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest=\'/home/oracle/opt/admin/standby/adump\'
*.audit_trail=\'db\'
*.compatible=\'11.1.0.0.0\'
*.control_files=\'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control01.ctl\',\'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control02.ctl\',\'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control03.ctl\'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=\'\'
*.db_name=\'ora11g\'
*.db_recovery_file_dest=\'/home/oracle/opt/flash_recovery_area\'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.db_unique_name=\'standby\'
*.ddl_lock_timeout=10
*.diagnostic_dest=\'/home/oracle/opt\'
*.dispatchers=\'\'
*.job_queue_processes=0
*.local_listener=\'LISTENER_ora11g\'
*.memory_target=838860800
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=\'EXCLUSIVE\'
*.undo_tablespace=\'UNDOTBS1\'
*.log_archive_config=\'DG_CONFIG=(ora11g,standby)\'
*.fal_client=\'standby\'
*.fal_server=\'primary\'
*.db_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'
*.log_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'
*.standby_file_management=\'auto\'
*.log_archive_dest_1=\'location=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/archive VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILE,STANDBY_ROLE)\'
7、启动STANDBY数据库，进行RESTORE：
[oracle@test51 standby]$ export ORACLE_SID=standby
[oracle@test51 standby]$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Aug 16 16:27:08 2007
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
idle> startup nomount pfile=\'$ORACLE_BASE/admin/standby/pfile/init.ora\'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 836976640 bytes
Fixed Size 1303132 bytes
Variable Size 595594660 bytes
Database Buffers 234881024 bytes
Redo Buffers 5197824 bytes
idle> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.
[oracle@test51 bin]$ ./rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Aug 16 16:30:11 2007
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026454982, not open)
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 16-AUG-07
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 16-AUG-07
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=147 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 4 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 16-AUG-07
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 16-AUG-07
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 16-AUG-07
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/liuyun/03iphp8l_1_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/liuyun/03iphp8l_1_1.bak tag=TAG20070816T155148
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:02:05
Finished restore at 16-AUG-07
8、添加STANDBY LOGFILE，启动STANDBY至恢复管理模式：
idle> alter database add standby logfile \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo04.log\' size 50M;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.06
idle> alter database add standby logfile \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo05.log\' size 50M;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.18
idle> alter database add standby logfile \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo06.log\' size 50M;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.85
idle> recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Media recovery complete.
9、主库配置到STANDBY的归档：
Sys@ORA11G> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;
System altered.
Sys@ORA11G> alter system set log_archive_dest_2=\'service=standby ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby\';
System altered.
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)这个在我配置的过程中是必须要的，我自作主张把里面的PRIMARY_ROLE改为STANDBY _ROLE，归档无法从主库传至STANDBY了。
10、可以看到STANDBY端已经收到主库传递过来的归档日志了：
[oracle@test51 archive]$ ls -l
total 7236
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 7392768 Aug 16 16:46 1_63_630254857.dbf
Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC
-- Connected User is Valid
RFS[2]: Assigned to RFS process 5315
RFS[2]: Identified database type as \'physical standby\'
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
RFS[2]: Successfully opened standby log 4: \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo04.log\'
Thu Aug 16 16:46:21 2007
Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/archive/1_63_630254857.dbf
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 64 (in transit)
这样STANDBY就配置完成了。