有用户误操作格式化硬盘，导致数据丢失，以Oracle数据库为例，格式化会损失多少数据呢？
以下是我格式化一块硬盘，创建一个1T的磁盘分区，mkfs的输出：
Disk /dev/sdb: 2089.0 GB, 2089072092672 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 253981 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-253981, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-253981, default 253981): +1024000M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 2089.0 GB, 2089072092672 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 253981 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 124495 1000006056 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@sms-db-b /]# mkfs /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
125009920 inodes, 250001514 blocks
12500075 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
7630 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848
Writing inode tables: .done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
这期间，mkfs的输出提示最为关键，mkfs创建了7630个块组，每个Group 32768个数据块，每个Group 16384个inodes。那么这里的inodes分配的空间就应该是覆盖了原始数据的部分。
那么每个inode要分配多少空间呢？
[root@db eygle]# dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb1|grep node
dumpe2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
Filesystem features: resize_inode filetype sparse_super large_file
Inode count: 125009920
Free inodes: 125009909
Inodes per group: 16384
Inode blocks per group: 512
First inode: 11
Inode size: 128
这里的Inode Size 是128 Bytes，16384 * 128 / 1024 /1024 结果就是2M，7630个Block Group，就是14G左右的空间。
参考文章：
http://it.dianping.com/inode-related-conceptions-in-linux-file-system.htm