环境：RHEL 4 U5+Oracle 11.1.0.6

    主库SID：ora11g 备用库SID:standby

    主库数据文件存放目录：/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/

    备用库数据文件存放目录：/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/

1、 验证主库是否归档，如果是未归档模式的话必须更改为归档模式：

    Sys@ORA11G> archive log list

    Database log mode Archive Mode

    Automatic archival Enabled

    Archive destination /home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/archive

    Oldest online log sequence 61

    Next log sequence to archive 63

    Current log sequence 63

2、 将主库置于FORCE LOGGING模式：

    Sys@ORA11G> alter database force logging;

3、 对主库做一个全库的RMAN备份，用于STANDBY配置：

    [oracle@test51 bin]$ ./rman target /

    Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Aug 16 15:51:22 2007

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

    connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026454982)

    RMAN> backup database format \'/home/oracle/liuyun/%U.bak\';

    Starting backup at 16-AUG-07

    using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

    allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

    channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=121 device type=DISK

    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

    channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

    input datafile file number=00004 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf

    input datafile file number=00002 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf

    input datafile file number=00001 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

    input datafile file number=00005 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

    input datafile file number=00003 name=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf

    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-AUG-07

    channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-AUG-07

    piece handle=/home/oracle/liuyun/03iphp8l_1_1.bak tag=TAG20070816T155148 comment=NONE

    channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45

    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

    channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

    including current control file in backup set

    including current SPFILE in backup set

    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-AUG-07

    channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-AUG-07

    piece handle=/home/oracle/liuyun/04iphpc9_1_1.bak tag=TAG20070816T155148 comment=NONE

    channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

    Finished backup at 16-AUG-07

4、 准备STANDBY数据文件路径和其他路径：

    [oracle@test51 oradata]$ pwd

    /home/oracle/opt/oradata

    [oracle@test51 oradata]$ mkdir standby

    [oracle@test51 oradata]$ ls

    ora11g orcl standby

    [oracle@test51 oradata]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin

    [oracle@test51 admin]$ mkdir standby

    [oracle@test51 admin]$ ls

    ora11g orcl standby

    [oracle@test51 standby]$mkdir adump

    [oracle@test51 standby]$mkdir dpdump

    [oracle@test51 standby]$mkdir pfile

    [oracle@test51 standby]$ ls

    adump dpdump pfile

    5、更改tnsnames配置，添加主库和备用库的连接字：

    primary =

     (DESCRIPTION =

     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = test51)(PORT = 1522))

     (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SERVER = DEDICATED)

     (SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)

     )

     )

    standby =

     (DESCRIPTION =

     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = test51)(PORT = 1522))

     (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SERVER = DEDICATED)

     (SERVICE_NAME = standby)

     )

     )

    6、生成STANDBY控制文件：

    Sys@ORA11G> alter database create standby controlfile as \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control01.ctl\';

    Database altered.

    [oracle@test51 standby]$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl

    [oracle@test51 standby]$ cp control01.ctl control03.ctl

    [oracle@test51 standby]$ ls

    archive control01.ctl control02.ctl control03.ctl

    6、生成standby 初始化参数文件：

    Sys@ORA11G> create pfile=\'$ORACLE_BASE/admin/standby/pfile/init.ora\' from spfile;

    File created.

    添加以下几个参数，需要注意的是从11G开始原来备用库归档参数standby_archive_dest这个参数已经废除了，STANDBY的归档路径改为常规的归档路径log_archive_dest_n。还有原来单机配置STANDBY需要的参数lock_name_space也废除了：

    *.log_archive_config=\'DG_CONFIG=(ora11g,standby)\'

    *.fal_client=\'standby\'

    *.fal_server=\'primary\'

    *.db_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'

    *.log_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'

    *.standby_file_management=\'auto\'

    *.log_archive_dest_1=\'location=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/archive VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILE,STANDBY_ROLE)\'

    更改后的参数文件如下，注意db_unique_name要和主库区分，否则无法MOUNT STANDBY：

    standby.__db_cache_size=234881024

    standby.__java_pool_size=12582912

    standby.__large_pool_size=4194304

    standby.__oracle_base=\'/home/oracle/opt\'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

    standby.__pga_aggregate_target=209715200

    standby.__sga_target=629145600

    standby.__shared_io_pool_size=0

    standby.__shared_pool_size=369098752

    standby.__streams_pool_size=0

    *.audit_file_dest=\'/home/oracle/opt/admin/standby/adump\'

    *.audit_trail=\'db\'

    *.compatible=\'11.1.0.0.0\'

    *.control_files=\'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control01.ctl\',\'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control02.ctl\',\'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/control03.ctl\'

    *.db_block_size=8192

    *.db_domain=\'\'

    *.db_name=\'ora11g\'

    *.db_recovery_file_dest=\'/home/oracle/opt/flash_recovery_area\'

    *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

    *.db_unique_name=\'standby\'

    *.ddl_lock_timeout=10

    *.diagnostic_dest=\'/home/oracle/opt\'

    *.dispatchers=\'\'

    *.job_queue_processes=0

    *.local_listener=\'LISTENER_ora11g\'

    *.memory_target=838860800

    *.open_cursors=300

    *.processes=150

    *.remote_login_passwordfile=\'EXCLUSIVE\'

    *.undo_tablespace=\'UNDOTBS1\'

    *.log_archive_config=\'DG_CONFIG=(ora11g,standby)\'

    *.fal_client=\'standby\'

    *.fal_server=\'primary\'

    *.db_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'

    *.log_file_name_convert=\'ora11g\',\'standby\'

    *.standby_file_management=\'auto\'

    *.log_archive_dest_1=\'location=/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/archive VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILE,STANDBY_ROLE)\'

    7、启动STANDBY数据库，进行RESTORE：

    [oracle@test51 standby]$ export ORACLE_SID=standby

    [oracle@test51 standby]$ sql

    SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Aug 16 16:27:08 2007

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

    Connected to an idle instance.

    idle> startup nomount pfile=\'$ORACLE_BASE/admin/standby/pfile/init.ora\'

    ORACLE instance started.

    Total System Global Area 836976640 bytes

    Fixed Size 1303132 bytes

    Variable Size 595594660 bytes

    Database Buffers 234881024 bytes

    Redo Buffers 5197824 bytes

    idle> alter database mount standby database;

    Database altered.

    [oracle@test51 bin]$ ./rman target /

    Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Thu Aug 16 16:30:11 2007

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

    connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4026454982, not open)

    RMAN> restore database;

    Starting restore at 16-AUG-07

    Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 16-AUG-07

    using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

    allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

    channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=147 device type=DISK

    Crosschecked 4 objects

    Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 16-AUG-07

    Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 16-AUG-07

    using channel ORA_DISK_1

    Crosschecked 2 objects

    Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 16-AUG-07

    searching for all files in the recovery area

    cataloging files...

    no files cataloged

    using channel ORA_DISK_1

    channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

    channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/system01.dbf

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/sysaux01.dbf

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/undotbs01.dbf

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/users01.dbf

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/example01.dbf

    channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/liuyun/03iphp8l_1_1.bak

    channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/liuyun/03iphp8l_1_1.bak tag=TAG20070816T155148

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

    channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:02:05

    Finished restore at 16-AUG-07

    8、添加STANDBY LOGFILE，启动STANDBY至恢复管理模式：

    idle> alter database add standby logfile \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo04.log\' size 50M;

    Database altered.

    Elapsed: 00:00:01.06

    idle> alter database add standby logfile \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo05.log\' size 50M;

    Database altered.

    Elapsed: 00:00:01.18

    idle> alter database add standby logfile \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo06.log\' size 50M;

    Database altered.

    Elapsed: 00:00:00.85

    idle> recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

    Media recovery complete.

    9、主库配置到STANDBY的归档：

    Sys@ORA11G> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;

    System altered.

    Sys@ORA11G> alter system set log_archive_dest_2=\'service=standby ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby\';

    System altered.

    VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)这个在我配置的过程中是必须要的，我自作主张把里面的PRIMARY_ROLE改为STANDBY _ROLE，归档无法从主库传至STANDBY了。

    10、可以看到STANDBY端已经收到主库传递过来的归档日志了：

    [oracle@test51 archive]$ ls -l

    total 7236

    -rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 7392768 Aug 16 16:46 1_63_630254857.dbf

    Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC

    -- Connected User is Valid

    RFS[2]: Assigned to RFS process 5315

    RFS[2]: Identified database type as \'physical standby\'

    Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode

    Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode

    RFS[2]: Successfully opened standby log 4: \'/home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/redo04.log\'

    Thu Aug 16 16:46:21 2007

    Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/opt/oradata/standby/archive/1_63_630254857.dbf

    Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 64 (in transit)

    这样STANDBY就配置完成了。