记录下ORACEL RAC 修改字符集的步骤：

   一：查看当前的字符集

   服务器端字符集：

   SQL> select userenv(\'language\') from dual;

   USERENV(\'LANGUAGE\')

   ----------------------------------------------------

   AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

   客户端字符集：

   SQL>  select * from v$nls_parameters;

   二：修改：

   [root@hp131 ~]# su - oracle

   hp131-> sqlplus / as sysdba

   SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Oct 17 14:42:43 2012

   Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

   Connected to:

   Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

   With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

   and Real Application Testing options

   SQL> shutdown immediate;

   Database closed.

   Database dismounted.

   ORACLE instance shut down.

   SQL> startup mount;

   ORACLE instance started.

   Total System Global Area 1895825408 bytes

   Fixed Size                  2084840 bytes

   Variable Size             436207640 bytes

   Database Buffers         1442840576 bytes

   Redo Buffers               14692352 bytes

   Database mounted.

   SQL> alter session set sql_trace=true;

   Session altered.

   SQL> alter system enable restricted session;

   System altered.

   SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0;

   System altered.

   SQL> alter system set aq_tm_processes=0;

   System altered.

   SQL> alter database open;

   Database altered.

   SQL> alter database character set INTERNAL_USE UTF8;

   alter database character set INTERNAL_USE UTF8

   *

   ERROR at line 1:

   ORA-12720: operation requires database is in EXCLUSIVE mode

   关闭其中一个节点

   hp131-> srvctl stop nodeapps -n hp132

   SQL> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile sid=\'wzticket1\';

   System altered.

   SQL> shutdown immediate;

   Database closed.

   Database dismounted.

   ORACLE instance shut down.

   SQL> startup nomount;

   ORACLE instance started.

   Total System Global Area 1895825408 bytes

   Fixed Size                  2084840 bytes

   Variable Size             436207640 bytes

   Database Buffers         1442840576 bytes

   Redo Buffers               14692352 bytes

   SQL> Alter database mount exclusive;

   Database altered.

   SQL> Alter system enable restricted session;

   System altered.

   SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

   System altered.

   SQL> Alter database open;

   Database altered.

   SQL> alter database character set INTERNAL_USE UTF8;

   Database altered.

   SQL> update props$ set VALUE$=\'ZHS16GBK\' where NAME=\'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET\';

   1 row updated.

   SQL> commit;

   Commit complete.

   SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile sid=\'wzticket1\';

   System altered.

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