技术头条 - 一个快速在微博传播文章的方式     搜索本站
您现在的位置：首页 --> Oracle --> 给你的rman备份集加上密码锁

给你的rman备份集加上密码锁

浏览:1494次  出处信息

   数据的安全越来越重要,不是说你的生产库安全，你的数据就一定安全了，rman备份也是泄露数据的一个重要地方,如果别人拿到了你的备份集,一样等同入侵了你的生产库。为了rman备份的安全，最简单方式就是使用set encryption方式在rman备份过程中设置密码,需要版本为10.2及其以后企业版版,另外如果需要备份到带库只能使用oracle自己的osb(Oracle Secure Backup),注意rman只有backupset可以加密,copy无法进行加密

   数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;
 
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.4.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
 
SQL> show parameter compatible
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
compatible                           string      11.2.0.4.0

   支持rman加密算法

SQL> select ALGORITHM_NAME
  2  from V$RMAN_ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHMS;
 
ALGORITHM_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------
AES128
AES192
AES256

   调整加密算法

RMAN> show  ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM;
 
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
 
RMAN> CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES256';
 
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES256';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
 
RMAN> show ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM;
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES256';

   创建新测试数据文件

   我们这里测试的是对新创建的5号文件进行加密备份和还原

SQL> select name from v$datafile;
 
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
 
SQL> create tablespace rman_xifenfei datafile 
  2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf' size 100M;
 
Tablespace created.
 
SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;
 
     FILE# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
 
SQL> create table chf.t_xifenfei tablespace rman_xifenfei 
  2  as select * from dba_objects;
 
Table created.
 
SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei;
 
  COUNT(*)
----------
     86721

   rman加密备份

RMAN> set encryption on identified by 'www.xifenfei.com' only;
 
executing command: SET encryption
 
RMAN> backup datafile 5;
 
Starting backup at 28-JAN-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=5 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-JAN-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-JAN-15
piece handle=/u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp tag=TAG20150128T230115 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 28-JAN-15

   准备恢复测试

RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 offline';
 
sql statement: alter database datafile 5 offline
 
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
[oracle@localhost ~]$ ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
ls: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf: No such file or directory

   rman恢复测试

[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target /
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Jan 28 23:02:24 2015
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1378620768)
 
RMAN> list backup of datafile 5;
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
 
List of Backup Sets
===================
 
 
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1       Full    10.94M     DISK        00:00:01     28-JAN-15      
        BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20150128T230115
        Piece Name: /u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 1
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  5       Full 54057180   28-JAN-15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
 
--未输入密码
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
 
Starting restore at 28-JAN-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=492 device type=DISK
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 01/28/2015 23:02:52
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp
ORA-19913: unable to decrypt backup
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
 
--设置错误密码
RMAN> SET DECRYPTION IDENTIFIED BY 'www.orasos.com';
 
executing command: SET decryption
 
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
 
Starting restore at 28-JAN-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 01/28/2015 23:03:31
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp
ORA-19913: unable to decrypt backup
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
 
--设置正确密码
RMAN> SET DECRYPTION IDENTIFIED BY 'www.xifenfei.com';
 
executing command: SET decryption
 
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
 
Starting restore at 28-JAN-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/xifenfei01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/2015_01_28/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150128T230115_bdkyfvlw_.bkp tag=TAG20150128T230115
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 28-JAN-15

   验证数据还原

RMAN> recover datafile 5;
 
Starting recover at 28-JAN-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK
 
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
 
Finished recover at 28-JAN-15
 
RMAN> sql 'alter database datafile 5 online';
 
sql statement: alter database datafile 5 online
 
RMAN> exit
 
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Jan 28 23:05:55 2015
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei;
 
  COUNT(*)
----------
     86721

   至此我们可以看到,最简单的rman加密备份和加密恢复测试完成,在使用set encryption加密后,如果不输入或者错误的输入密码无法使用备份集,从而确保了备份集的安全.

建议继续学习：

  1. 无锁消息队列    (阅读：12817)
  2. 并发编程系列之一：锁的意义    (阅读：5902)
  3. 无锁HashMap的原理与实现    (阅读：5351)
  4. 仅仅只备份是不够的    (阅读：4891)
  5. 通过odu验证rman backup对于truncate对象备份处理    (阅读：4759)
  6. MySQL锁管理(并发锁,行锁,表锁,预加锁,全局锁等等)    (阅读：4498)
  7. 使用scp在windows和Linux之间互传文件    (阅读：4177)
  8. rsync自动输入密码实现数据备份    (阅读：4082)
  9. DYNAMO平台的独门绝技： 利用NWR模型与vector clock解决锁问题    (阅读：3925)
  10. 并行编程中的“锁”难题    (阅读：3759)
QQ技术交流群：445447336，欢迎加入！
扫一扫订阅我的微信号：IT技术博客大学习
<< 前一篇：关于oracle ebs系统apps的一些故事
后一篇：在ORACLE 12C RAC中使用in memory特性请注意parallel_degree_policy和parallel_force_local参数 >>
文章信息
© 2009 - 2024 by blogread.cn 微博：@IT技术博客大学习

京ICP备15002552号-1